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गोवा का सबसे पुराना वाद्ययंत्र ‘घुमोट’ राज्य के पारंपरिक संगीत और विरासत का मुख्य हिस्सा है

by user
in Goa-Hindi, Lifestyle & Culture-Goa
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गोवा का हेरिटेज वाद्ययंत्र (Heritage instrument of Goa) होने की उपाधि से सम्मानित घुमोट (Ghumot) गोवा की लोक संस्कृति, मंदिर और चर्च संगीत का एक अभिन्न अंग है। इसे तबला और मृदंगम का चचेरा भाई कहा जा सकता है, क्योंकि इन संगीत वाद्ययंत्रों की तरह, इस पारंपरिक और स्वदेशी गोअन वाद्य की भी सतह जानवरों की खाल से बनी होती है। इतिहासकारों के अनुसार यह एक प्राचीन वाद्य यंत्र है जिसका इतिहास 1,000 साल से अधिक पुराना है। तो आइए इस ऐतिहासिक ताल वाद्य यंत्र के निर्माण, उपयोग और अन्य पेचीदगियों को जानकर घुमोट की धुनों को जीवित रखें।

घुमोट यंत्र की बारीकियां

घुमोट (Ghumot) या गुमेता, एक ताल वाद्य है जो गोवा और आंध्र प्रदेश में लोकप्रिय है। यह कर्नाटक के कुछ गांवों में भी बजाया जाता है। घुमोट (Ghumot) मेम्ब्रानोफोन (Membranophone) श्रेणी से संबंधित है, जो एक मिट्टी का बर्तन है और दोनों तरफ से खुला होता हैं। पीछे के छोर पर छोटी तरफ से ध्वनि नियंत्रित होती है जब इसे बाएं हाथ से बारी-बारी से खोला और बंद किया जाता है, जबकि दाहिना हाथ लयबद्ध पैटर्न बजाता है। यंत्र की ऊपरी सतह कभी मॉनिटर छिपकली की खाल से ढकी हुआ करती थी, अब उसे एक बकरी की खाल से बदल दिया गया है।

यंत्र बनाने के लिए परोदा (गोवा का एक गाँव) से मिट्टी लाई जाती है जिसे सुखाकर छान लिया जाता है। इसका उपयोग आवश्यकता पड़ने पर किया जाता है। यंत्र के ऊपरी हिस्से को कुम्हार के पहिये पर बनाया जाता है और फिर सुखाया जाता है। जब यह सूख रहा होता है तो दूसरा भाग जो पहले से बना होता है उसे यंत्र से जोड़ दिया जाता है। डिजाइन तैयार किए जाते हैं और फिनिशिंग टच तब दिया जाता है जब यह लगभग सूख जाता है और पूरी तरह से सूखने पर भट्टी में ठीक किया जाता है। गले में लटकाकर, बैठकर या खड़े होकर, दोनों हाथों से घुमोट (Ghumot) को बजाया जाता है। त्वचा को नम करके, पिच को कम किया जा सकता है और मिट्टी के बर्तन को गर्म करके इसे बढ़ाया जा सकता है।

इसके तीन आकार

घुमोट तीन आकारों में उपलब्ध है- बारिक, वोड्डल टोंडडेकेम और मीडियम टोंडडेकेम जो क्रमशः बच्चों, महिलाओं और पुरुषों द्वारा बजाया जा सकता है। यह वाद्य यंत्र विशेष रूप से गणेश चतुर्थी समारोह और आरती के दौरान धार्मिक गीतों के साथ बजाया जाता है। इसके अलावा, गोवा के हेरिटेज वाद्ययंत्र के रूप में स्थान देकर, इस यंत्र को बनाने वाले कुम्हारों के सामने आने वाली आर्थिक चुनौतियों को संबोधित करने का प्रयास किया जा रहा है।

लोक संगीत और नृत्य कई संस्कृतियों का सार है, इसलिए, गोवा की सांस्कृतिक विरासत घुमोट (Ghumot) के साथ निकटता से जुड़ी हुई है। आधुनिकीकरण के आगमन के साथ, पारंपरिक संगीत वाद्ययंत्र अपनी प्रासंगिकता खो रहे हैं और घुमोट (Ghumot) को पुनर्जीवित करने की जिम्मेदारी आने वाली पीढ़ियों के कंधों पर है। हम आशा करते हैं कि इस कृति ने आपको गोवा के इतिहास की एक झलक दी और इसके साथ संबंध स्थापित करने में मदद की।

Tags: ghumot goaghumot instrumentGoa culture & heritagegoan instrumentsgoan musicheritage instrument goaindigenous percussion instrument
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