गोवा विश्वविद्यालय के एक अध्ययन में राज्य के लौह अयस्क भंडार में पाया गया सोना

गोवा विश्वविद्यालय द्वारा किए गए एक अध्ययन में खनन गड्ढों से दशकों से निकाले गए और निर्यात किए गए लौह अयस्क में सोना पाया गया है। विश्वविद्यालय के वनस्पति विज्ञान विभाग द्वारा इसकी शोधकर्ता सुजाता दाबोलकर और विश्वविद्यालय के एक संकाय डॉ नंदकुमार कामत द्वारा किए गए अध्ययन से पता चला है कि सोने की सघनता 7.71-13 पीपीएम के बीच है, जो गोवा के लौह अयस्क की प्रकृति (सोने से युक्त) को दर्शाता है।

गोवा की लौह अयस्क खदानों में सोने की उपस्थिति बताने वाला पहला शोध

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जर्नल ऑफ जियोसाइंसेज रिसर्च के नवीनतम संस्करण में प्रकाशित एक शोध पत्र में कहा गया है कि यह राज्य में किया गया पहला ऐसा शोध है जो गोवा की लौह अयस्क खदानों से निकाले गए अयस्क में सोने की उपस्थिति का विश्लेषण करता है, जिसे खनन पट्टों के नवीनीकरण ( mining lease renewal) में अनियमितताओं के कारण सुप्रीम कोर्ट के आदेश के अनुरूप 2018 में बंद कर दिया गया था।

शोध पत्र में कहा गया है, “नमूनों में सोने का पता चला है। सोने की सघनता 7.71-13 पीपीएम के बीच है, जो गोवा के लौह अयस्क की प्रकृति को दर्शाता है। गोवा के उपेक्षित लौह अयस्क पर और शोध किए जाने की जरूरत है। इसमें आगे यह भी बताया गया कि यह बीएचक्यू (Banded Hamatite Quartizite) और गोवा के बीएमक्यू ( Banded Magnetite Quartzite ) से सोने का पता लगाने पर इस तरह की पहली रिपोर्ट है।

गोवा में लौह अयस्क का इतिहास

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दिलचस्प बात यह है कि गोवा में लौह अयस्क के खनन की खोज पुर्तगाली युग में शुरू की गई थी। अन्वेषण और निर्यात के लिए, नकदी की तंगी से भरे पुर्तगाली साम्राज्य ने गोवा में अपनी औपनिवेशिक प्रजा को सैकड़ों खनन पट्टे आवंटित किए थे। इनमें से 100 पट्टे साल 2012 तक चालू थे, जिसके बाद 35,000 करोड़ रुपये के खनन घोटाले के कारण उद्योग पर सर्वोच्च न्यायालय का पहला प्रतिबंध लगा दिया गया।

1951 में 4.36 टन अयस्क से, लौह अयस्क का उत्खनन और निर्यात 2010 की शुरुआत में लगभग 50 मिलियन टन हो गया था, जिससे गोवा से चीन, जापान, ताइवान, दक्षिण के बाजारों में लगभग 880 मिलियन टन लौह अयस्क का निर्यात हुआ। कोरिया, दूसरों के बीच में। जहां दो साल बाद इस प्रतिबंध को हटाया गया, वहीं 2018 में उद्योग पर दूसरा प्रतिबंध लगाया गया।

साने के धातु विज्ञान पर किया जा सकता है काम

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शोघ में बताया गया है कि एक नियामक और निजी खनन कंपनियों के रूप में दोनों सरकारी क्षेत्र लौह अयस्क के व्यवस्थित भू-रासायनिक मूल्यांकन के ज्ञान में कमी थी और केवल एक उत्खनन और निर्यात रणनीति की ओर उन्मुख थे, जिसने सोने के खनिजकरण (gold mineralisation) की पूरी तरह से अनदेखी की।

अध्ययन में कहा गया है, सोने के धातु विज्ञान पर काम करने की बहुत गुंजाइश है। सोने के जैव-भू-रासायनिक चक्रण का अध्ययन किया जा सकता है जिसमें वर्मीफॉर्म सोना (vermiform gold), फाइटोफॉर्म सोना (phytoform gold) , जलोढ़ जमा से सोना (alluvial deposits), तलछट (sediments ) और लेटराइट्स (laterites) की जांच शामिल है।